Texas Annexation Essay example - 965 Words

Narrative History of Texas Annexation, Secession, and Readmission to the Union Texans voted in favor of annexation to the United States in the first election following independence in 1836. However, throughout the Republic period (1836-1845) no treaty of annexation negotiated between the Republic and the United States was ratified by both nations. When all attempts to arrive at a formal annexation treaty failed, the United States Congress passed--after much debate and only a simple majority--a Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States. Under these terms, Texas would keep both its public lands and its public debt, it would have the power to divide into four additional states of convenient size in the future if it so†¦show more content†¦Sixteen years later, in January 1861, the Secession Convention met in Austin and adopted an Ordinance of Secession on February 1 and a Declaration of Causes on February 2. This proposal was approved by the voters, but even before Texas could become independent as provided for in the text of the Ordinance, it was accepted by the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America as a state on March 1, 1861. The Secession Convention, reconvened on March 2, approved an ordinance accepting Confederate statehood on March 5. Texas delegates to the Provisional Confederate Government had already been elected, and they were among those who approved the proposed Confederate Constitution. Their action was confirmed by the Secession Convention on March 23. Throughout the Civil War period, Texas existed as a state in the Confederate States of America, its status confirmed by the elected representatives of the Texas citizens. (Sam Houston, although accepting the decision of the electorate to secede, protested the Conventions decision to join the Confederacy since the matter was not submitted to popular vote. His opposition was insufficient to cause either the voters or the members of the state legislature to put aside the actions of the Convention.) John H. Reagan, a Texan, was the Postmaster General of the C.S.A., and other Texans held prominent government posts throughoutShow MoreRelatedThe Annexation of Texas Essay580 Words   |  3 Pageswar as an opportunity to defend the annexation of Texas, establish the Rio Grande as its border, and to acquire the Mexican territories of California and New Mexico (Stevenson 2009). Annexation of the newly formed republic of Texas incited bitter debate on all sides. All of the slave states wanted to bring Texas into the Union, but a number of free-states were opposed because it would destroy the balance of power in Congress. Britain also denounced annexation because they wanted to stop AmericanRead MoreThe Annexation of Texas Caused Problems and Controversy in the United States626 Words   |  3 PagesWhy did the annexation of Texas cause political, military, economic, cultural, and moral controversy in the United States? Even before the Mexican-American War the United States is already doomed with sectional differences. Different people have different beliefs. As to who is siding with slavery and racial equality. This is such a strong point By needing to fulfill the United States’ Manifest Destiny as the latest justification for white settlers to take the land they coveted; This eventuallyRead MoreThe Mexican -american War And The Annexation Of The Republic Of Texas Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pages-American War and the Annexation of the Republic of Texas (1836-1845) Since the United States was founded as an independent nation from Great Britain, its people had confronted many economic, political, and social problems. The United States started to expand its territory in the western part of the country. Some examples are the Louisiana purchase from1803 and the Spanish Florida annexation. One of the most significant and controversial in the antebellum years was the Texas annexation which was a resultRead MoreEssay about Annexation Of Texas1066 Words   |  5 Pagesto be dragged out. Were those nine years unnecessary and could it have been done in a shorter period of time? 13 October 1834 was the first revolutionary meeting of the American citizens who’d settled in Mexico, in the area soon to be known as Texas. The people attempted a movement that soon was laid to rest by the Mexican Congress. Attempts at independence were silenced for the time being and the elections of 1835 proceeded forward. With Santa Anna moving to control Mexico, and taxes increasingRead More Reasons For the Annexation of Texas Essay2485 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Annexation of Texas The Annexation of Texas was one of the most debatable events in American history. The question at hand would deeply impact the United States for generations to come. There was on one side a long list of reasons for why to not allow annexation, but there was the same kind of list on the other side for reasons to push forward for annexation. Some of these reasons of both sides were slaves, war, manifest destiny, politics , and constitutional rights. Also the way Texas beganRead MoreThe Annexation Of Texas And The United States928 Words   |  4 PagesIan Harmon U.S. History Dr. Anderson Due: 11/21/14 The Annexation of Texas The 1800’s were a time of growth and expansion in the United States. However, during the century following the civil war not everyone shared the same views. Throughout the country, people had different thoughts on Texas, and what should be done with the new found territory. Whether it was people of the north looking to prevent another slave state from acquiring statehood, or slave owning people of the south trying to gainRead MoreSam Houston1033 Words   |  5 Pagesthe popular movie, Man on Fire, seems to be more than just a line from a fictional character, it rings some truth, just ask one of America s Early leading political figures who helped not only physically shape the united states with the addition of Texas, but also greatly influenced the political system through his business and politics. He is more than just a military training post or a large university, Sam Houston was a great war leader, political leader, and family man who lived by his own wordsRead MoreThe An nexation Of The United States1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe annexation of Texas was a path that many Texans wanted. Nearly ninety percent of Texans wanted to become part of the United States. â€Å"People hadn’t come to Texas to become part of the British Empire; most were particularly incensed by the British insistence on emancipation of the slaves; responding to public sentiment, the Texas Senate demanded that President Houston give them a full accounting of his dealings with Great Britain†. Before annexation, The Republic of Texas was a sovereign nationRead MoreThe Impact On America s Economy And Politics924 Words   |  4 Pagesarea decreased; thus, Texas, now an independent state, wanted to belong to America. The annexation of Texas into the nation caused the imbalance between the slave states and antislavery states. Slavery had always been a controversial issue that divided the United States into two different ideologies. According to Missouri Compromise- there was an established line that whichever states below the line were slave states and the states that above the line were free states, Texas would come in as a slaveRead More Westward Expansion Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pages By 1842, the currency system of the Republic of Texas was in such dire straits that even the government would not accept redbacks for payment of taxes. Other plans were attempted to get the republic fiscal house in order, but these plans achieved only slightly better results. However, as the economy in the United States improved and the Texas annexation movement gained momentum, currency in Texas slowly recovered some of its values before Texas was annexed in 1845(thewest@pbs.org). Slavery was

Shanice Johnson Week 3 Civil Liberties Essay - 1135 Words

Associate Level Material Civil Liberties and Rights Timeline and Synopsis Instructions Complete the following timeline with entries that demonstrate the development of civil liberties and rights over time. In part two, write a brief essay of at least 350 words which discusses specific social movements and how they relate to the development of civil liberties and rights. Part One: Civil Liberties and Rights Timeline Complete the second column with brief descriptions of key decisions on civil liberties. Include which amendment from the Bill of Rights was used to support the decision and why. In the third column, complete the timeline with entries describing the historical development of civil rights in the United States. Time†¦show more content†¦20th century The Fourteenth Amendment was not included with the ten amendments of the Bill of Rights, but the Fourteenth Amendment is the amendment that applied in this case. This amendment states that no U.S. citizen should be denied equal protection of laws, nor should any person be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process. Brown v. Board of Education ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional and that students should be segregated. This decision was intended to allow an African-American student to attend a previously all-white school that was nearer to her home than the school she had been attending. 20th century The Fourteenth Amendment applied in this case as well. At this time, African-Americans were forced to sit at the rear of public transportation so that Caucasians could sit up near the front. 1956 Browder v. Gayle ruled that racial segregation on buses was illegal. 20th century Miranda Warnings reaffirmed the rights afforded by the Fifth and Sixth Amendments: all U.S. citizens have the right to remain silent so as not to incriminate themselves, as well as the right to due process in a court of law before a jury of their peers. 1966 Miranda v. Arizona ruled that anything said to police by a defendant could not be used against the defendant unless said defendant had been read the Miranda Warnings and had acknowledged that he or she understood and waived theseShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Crime Issues in Today’s Criminal Justice System18893 Words   |  76 Pagesinclude (1) a restructuring of the juvenile justice system in the face of growing concerns about violent juvenile crime and spreading youth gang warfare; (2) the increased bankruptcy of a war against N drugs whose promises seem increasingly hollow; (3) a growing recognition of America’s international role as both victim and purveyor of worldwide criminal activity; (4) the â€Å"war on terrorism,† including its substantial potential consequences for individual rights in America; and (5) the quickly unfolding

Coca-Cola HBC Positioned to Maintain a Sustainable Value

Question: Write an essay on Coca-Cola HBC. Answer: Coca-Cola HBC has been known for its fundamental strengths as well as strong sales that had been well positioned to maintain a sustainable value over the long-term. However, the organization calls itself sustainable because it has created shared value not for its shareholders, employees but also its consumers as well as customers that had been associated with the company. It was merely in last decade, when the company opted for corporate social responsibility that was incorporated in all aspects of business management. Dow Jones Sustainability and Europe Sustainability Indices have recognized their efforts in sustainability since 2009 (Coca-Cola Hellenic 2016). Moreover, a companys sustainability can be analyzed by different profitability ratios such as Return on Investments (ROI), Return on Equity (ROE), Payout Ratio, Return on Assets (ROA) and Gross Profit Margin from the Revenue. The table below is given from 2013 to 2015 for the company Coca Cola Hellenic. 2013 2014 2015 ROI 5.56% 6.76% 6.94% Gross margin 35.43% 35.56% 36.70% ROA 3.05% 4.17% 4.18% Payout Ratio 87.60% 54.70% 80.30% ROE 7.43% 10.26% 10.00% a) ROI The ROI positioning of the company has increased in the upcoming years this depicts that the company has shown an increased investments profitability that suggests that the efficiency of the use of funds have been showing an increasing trend as higher ROI is considered to be a better choice (Rezaee 2015). b) Gross Profit Margin The gross profit margin of sales from the revenue depicts the revenue to be increasing in the last three years. The revenue, which stands to be 6874 in 2013 followed by 6510 in 2014 and 6346 in 2015, shows a declining trend. However, resulting in less of Cost of Goods sold following the years, the gross profit margin has shown to be increasing. The drastic increment can be seen from the year 2014 2015 illustrating an upward trend. c) ROA The Return on Assets sole purpose is to generate assets that could be convertible into cash and simultaneously generate profits. Although, it is an indicator of net income but it has been showing an increasing sometimes can be red. Moreover, the ROA can be sometimes regarded as Return on Investment even because assets even generate sales. According to the graph, the ROA has been increasing gradually depicting to show an increasing trend (Nicolescu, Alpopi and Zaharia 2015). d) Payout Ratio The payout ratio depicts that the company has been emerging to a better dividend paid company in 2015 as it reviews that firm the sustainable position of the company has been fluctuating over years. Although, 2015 depicts to be a good years for Coca Cola Hellenic but has been facing bottlenecks when aligned with the economic cycle. The sustainable earnings or rather the cash flow position of the company depicts not to be stable over the extended periods but shows an increasing trend (Rezaee 2015). e) ROE Return on Equity is called as Return on Common Stockholders Equity. It illustrates the generation of income for the stockholders equity. However, as depicted, every stockholder gets 10% of the equity for every one dollar invested in 2015. Although, ROE shows a fluctuating trend but according to last year result, it has been showing a decreasing trend on shareholders equity (Lin, Chang and Dang 2015). 2. GRI Table to identify Ethical Issues GRI is the Global Reporting Initiative that has been undertaken to depict a wider perspective of the sustainability position of the organization. The GRI studies all the perspectives relating to organization, environmental, societal as well as economic issues that may impact the sustainable position of the organization based on the guidelines of maintaining a balance, comparability, accuracy, timeliness, clarity as well as reliability (Coca Cola Hellenic 2015). The GRI table given on each organization is different from one another such that they are based on firm size, location and reporting process that produces comparable results (Coca-Cola Hellenic 2014). Coca Cola Hellenic has varying level of expertise in the years of reporting a sustainable position. The ethical issues points out towards the business and society that has been growing complex in the fields such that the changes made for the high performance results in rapid decisions that lead to mistakes and negative impacts in various areas of the organization. Coca Hellenic has always been complex and changing like sustainability that has been focusing on issues enough to encourage innovation and transparency on the burning issues (Global Reporting Initative 2015). 1) The organization has been facing problems with the internal processes that are posing a threat to the corporate social responsibility of the organization. 2) The issues had been quite augmenting on the economic as well as environmental parameters while listening to the material aspects and managing the resilience of the business towards human capital skills and others. 3) On the other hand, corporate governance is another issue that needs to be formulated. 4) GRI guidelines mar k transparency with dialogues as one of the issue that Coca Cola Hellenic is not able to keep with as it is resulting in a multifaceted reasons (Global Reporting Initative 2015). Overall, the issue that needs to enhance in the stakeholder management is the principles of Materiality, Completeness and context of Sustainability. On precise terms, the real amount of sustainability needs to be achieved on better management, employment, investments, campaigning, purchasing, etc. a) Environmental Issues The environmental issue relates to the increase in carbon density that has been hampering the companys revenue. Although, the company in 2015 has been involving itself in endorsing reduction targets but this is the only proposed work rather the implementation needs to be started in due time (Coca-Cola Hellenic 2016). The energy activities has been lost die to the use of different machinery that has been depleting the energy resources around the factory areas. However, there is a need for investments. As far as the figures are concerned, the revenue and the less payout received is due to the profits have been implemented in the energy activities as well as recycling of waste generation. The other environmental issues that are highlighted are the water risks relating to issues in basins that seem to be stressing on the worsening conditions in the southern and the eastern regions in the climate changes taking place. On the other hand, packaging issue has been prominent as the waste from packaging is the non-renewable content that is damaging the atmosphere. Moreover, the recovery and recycling content has been facilitated (Idowu and Leal Filho 2014). b) Economic Issues The economic issues are not concentrated to economy but also to the holdup that has been there in business. The advantages over core business activities have been generating economic bottlenecks. The other concern highlights less measurable results have been gathered over delivering long-term partnerships. In addition, there is a continuous encouragement for the participation of the employees in communities. Coca-Cola Hellenic is trying to increase the local supplier base to the business activities that support investments projects and train the employees rigorously. The employment not has been reached to 600,000 people throughout the supply value chain in Europe (Coca-Cola Hellenic 2016). c) Social Issues There is a need to generate managerial roles as the company needs to establish the contingency reserve in the areas and develop the roles for women as well. The social issues accompany the resilience that there should be a world-class safety culture that needs to be undertaken to not only promote well being but also ethical nature which is inclusive of the fair workplace. On the other hand, human rights policy activated should be activated on the employees to create a follow up such that the employees are given equal opportunities with occupational health and safety while developing proper leadership and control and compliance with employment and labour laws (Coca-Cola Hellenic 2013). References Coca Cola Hellenic. (2015).Sustainability Report 2015. Available at: https://coca-colahellenic.com/media/2390/coca-cola-hbc_2015-integrated-annual-report.pdf [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Coca-Cola Hellenic. (2013).Coca-Cola HBC 2013 Global Reporting Initiative Communication on Progress (GRI COP) Report 2013. Available at: https://coca-colahellenic.com/media/1181/cch-gri-cop-2013.pdf [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Coca-Cola Hellenic. (2014).Its good to share Building trust, spreading happiness. Available at: https://coca-colahellenic.com/media/1202/annual-integrated-report_2014.pdf [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Coca-Cola Hellenic. (2016).Coca-Cola HBC AG 2015 Integrated Annual Report Showcases Focus on Sustainable Growth. Available at: https://coca-colahellenic.com/media/2526/2015-iar-non-reg-march-2016.pdf [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Financials Morningstar. (2016).Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for Coca-Cola HBC AG (CCH) from Morningstar.com. Available at: https://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=CCHregion=gbrculture=en-US [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Global Reporting Initatve. (2015).Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. Available at: https://www.globalreporting.org/resourcelibrary/GRIG4-Part1-Reporting-Principles-and-Standard-Disclosures.pdf [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Idowu, S. and Leal Filho, W. (2014).Professionals' perspectives of corporate social responsibility. Heidelberg: Springer. Lin, C., Chang, R. and Dang, V. (2015). An Integrated Model to Explain How Corporate Social Responsibility Affects Corporate Financial Performance.Sustainability, 7(7), pp.8292-8311. Nicolescu, E., Alpopi, C. and Zaharia, C. (2015). Measuring Corporate Sustainability Performance.Sustainability, 7(1), pp.851-865. Rezaee, Z. (2015).Business sustainability. Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing.